Electrostatic Gas-Liquid Separation from High Speed Streams--Application to Advanced On-Line/On- Demand Separation Techniques

The separation of suspended droplets from gases has been one of the basic scientific and technical problems of the industrial era and this interest continues. Various industrial applications, such as refrigeration and HVAC systems, require control of fine droplets concentrations in moving gaseous mediums to maintain system functionality and efficiency. Separating of such fine droplets can be achieved using electrostatic charging as implemented in electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). They use electrostatic force to charge and collect solid particles. The objective of the present work was to study the feasibility of using wiretube electrostatic separator on the removal of fine water and oil droplets from air stream based on corona discharge ionization process. A parametric study was conducted to find key parameters affecting the separation process. This goal was approached by simulating the charging and separation phenomena numerically, and then verifying the modeling findings through experiments. The numerical methodology simulated the highly complex interaction between droplets suspended in the flow and electrical field. Two test rigs were constructed, one for air-water separation and the other for air-oil separation. A wiretube electrostatic separator was used as the test section for both test rigs. The separation performance was evaluated under different electric field and flow conditions. Finally, based on the results, a novel air-water separator prototype was designed, fabricated and tested. The numerical modeling results qualitatively showed acceptable agreement with the experimental data in terms of the trend of grade efficiency based on droplets size. Both numerical modeling results and experimental data showed that with a proper separator design, high separation efficiency is achievable for water and oil droplets. Based on the experimental data, at flow velocity of 5 m/s and applied voltage of 7.0 kV, the maximum separation efficiency for water and oil was 99.999 % and 96.267 %, respectively. The pressure drop was as low as 100 Pa and maximum power consumption was 12.0 W

Delinquent child rights protection

The study aimed to clarify the aspects of protection provided for the delinquent child while dealing with the security and judicial authorities in the United Arab Emirates compared to the legislation of other countries. Indeed, the phenomenon of child delinquency is one of the most dangerous phenomena that children may be exposed to and leads them to wrongdoing and obstruction of public order in society. It prompted the UAE legislator to look after the delinquent child and take care of him. The study relied on the descriptive-analytical approach, to suit it with the understanding of all its elements and the determination of the facts, through the legal analysis of the phenomenon of delinquency and the statement of its causes and legal solutions according to what was stated by the UAE legislator. The study reached many results, including that the UAE legislator, like other international legislation, devoted special care for the delinquent child by enacting a set of preventive and deterrent laws, through which the aim was to protect the delinquent child, as these legislations contained many guarantees and mechanisms that provide him with care